Different factors can absolutely be responsible for headaches and understanding these triggers is key to preventing or minimising their frequency and severity. Headaches can stem from physical, emotional, environmental or lifestyle-related causes. Some are linked to dehydration or lack of sleep, while others may be triggered by stress, certain foods or even weather changes. Identifying what's causing your headache whether it's poor posture, eye strain, or hormonal shifts, can help you make targeted changes. Read on as we share the most common factors behind headaches.
Here are some of the most common causes of headaches
1. Stress and anxiety
Emotional stress is one of the top triggers of tension headaches, which feel like a tight band around the head. Stress causes muscles around the scalp and neck to tighten, which can lead to pain. Learning relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga can help lower stress levels and prevent tension-type headaches.
2. Dehydration
Even mild dehydration can lead to headaches. When the body lacks adequate fluids, it affects blood volume and oxygen flow to the brain, leading to discomfort or a throbbing headache. Drinking enough water throughout the day and especially after exercise or heat exposure can prevent this.
3. Lack of sleep or poor sleep quality
Sleep is essential for brain recovery. Inadequate or irregular sleep patterns can cause morning headaches or migraines. Ensuring 7–9 hours of restful sleep, avoiding screens before bed, and maintaining a consistent bedtime can help regulate sleep and reduce headache risk.
4. Eye strain
Spending long hours looking at screens or reading without breaks can strain the eye muscles, especially if you need prescription glasses and don't wear them. This often leads to headaches behind the eyes or at the temples.
5. Caffeine withdrawal or overuse
Caffeine has a dual effect, it can both trigger and relieve headaches. While some people find relief with small amounts, excessive intake or sudden withdrawal can cause a rebound headache. Gradually reducing caffeine and keeping daily intake moderate is key.
6. Hormonal changes
In women, fluctuations in oestrogen levels especially around menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause can trigger headaches or migraines. Tracking cycles and noting patterns can help manage symptoms, and in some cases, doctors may suggest hormonal therapy or preventive medications.
7. Poor posture
Slouching or staying in a fixed position for long periods can cause tension in the neck and shoulders, leading to headaches. Maintaining ergonomic posture, taking movement breaks, and stretching can reduce this type of discomfort.
8. Certain foods and additives
Aged cheeses, processed meats, alcohol, and food additives like MSG or artificial sweeteners can cause headaches in some individuals. Keeping a food diary can help pinpoint which items may be triggers and guide dietary adjustments.
9. Environmental triggers
Bright lights, strong smells, noise, or weather changes, can cause headaches, especially migraines. Limiting exposure or using sunglasses, earplugs, or air purifiers may help reduce sensitivity.
This personalised awareness can significantly reduce how often headaches occur and how intense they become.
Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.
